Author: Alex

In lesson , we discussed the six comparison operators. Overloading these comparison operators is comparatively simple (see what I did there?), as they follow the same patterns as we’ve seen in overloading other operators. Because the comparison operators are all binary operators that do not modify their left operands, we …

For classes that have multiple member variables, printing each of the individual variables on the screen can get tiresome fast. For example, consider the following class: class Point { private: double m_x{}; double m_y{}; double m_z{}; public: Point(double x=0.0, double y=0.0, double z=0.0) : m_x{x}, m_y{y}, m_z{z} { } double …

Some of the most commonly used operators in C++ are the arithmetic operators — that is, the plus operator (+), minus operator (-), multiplication operator (*), and division operator (/). Note that all of the arithmetic operators are binary operators — meaning they take two operands — one on each …

In lesson , you learned about function overloading, which provides a mechanism to create and resolve function calls to multiple functions with the same name, so long as each function has a unique function prototype. This allows you to create variations of a function to work with different data types, …

For much of this chapter, we’ve been preaching the virtues of keeping your data private. However, you may occasionally find situations where you will find you have classes and functions outside of those classes that need to work very closely together. For example, you might have a class that stores …

In the previous lesson on , you learned that static member variables are member variables that belong to the class rather than objects of the class. If the static member variables are public, we can access them directly using the class name and the scope resolution operator. But what if …

Review of static keyword uses In the lesson on file scope and the static keyword, you learned that static variables keep their values and are not destroyed even after they go out of scope. For example: #include <iostream> int generateID() { static int s_id{ 0 }; return ++s_id; } int …

In lesson , you learned that fundamental data types (int, double, char, etc…) can be made const via the const keyword, and that all const variables must be initialized at time of creation. In the case of const fundamental data types, initialization can be done through copy, direct, or uniform …

Defining member functions outside the class definition All of the classes that we have written so far have been simple enough that we have been able to implement the member functions directly inside the class definition itself. For example, here’s our ubiquitous Date class: class Date { private: int m_year; …