Occasionally you may run into a case where you want to catch an exception, but not want to (or have the ability to) fully handle it at the point where you catch it. This is common when you want to log an error, but pass the issue along to the …
Consider the following short program: #include <iostream> enum class FruitType { apple, banana, cherry }; class Fruit { private: FruitType m_type {}; int m_percentageEaten { 0 }; public: Fruit(FruitType type) : m_type { type } { } FruitType getType() const { return m_type; } int getPercentageEaten() const { return m_percentageEaten; …
Templates allow us to write functions or classes using placeholder types, so that we can stencil out identical versions of the function or class using different types. A function or class that has been instantiated is called a function or class instance. All template functions or classes must start with …
In previous lesson , we took a look at a simple templated Storage class: #include <iostream> template <typename T> class Storage { private: T m_value; public: Storage(T value) : m_value { value } { } ~Storage() { } void print() const { std::cout << m_value << ‘\n’; } }; We …
When instantiating a function template for a given type, the compiler stencils out a copy of the templated function and replaces the template type parameters with the actual types used in the variable declaration. This means a particular function will have the same implementation details for each instanced type (just …
And so our journey through C++’s inheritance and virtual functions comes to an end. Fret not, dear reader, for there are plenty of other areas of C++ to explore as we move forward. Chapter summary C++ allows you to set base class pointers and references to a derived object. This …
Consider the following program that makes use of a virtual function: #include <iostream> class Base { public: virtual void print() const { std::cout << “Base”; } }; class Derived : public Base { public: void print() const override { std::cout << “Derived”; } }; int main() { Derived d{}; Base& …
Way back in lesson , we examined the concept of casting, and the use of static_cast to convert variables from one type to another. In this lesson, we’ll continue by examining another type of cast: dynamic_cast. The need for dynamic_cast When dealing with polymorphism, you’ll often encounter cases where you …
Let’s go back to an example we looked at previously: class Base { protected: int m_value{}; public: Base(int value) : m_value{ value } { } virtual const char* getName() const { return “Base”; } int getValue() const { return m_value; } }; class Derived: public Base { public: Derived(int value) …
You’ve probably seen this program in a lot of textbooks and tutorials: #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { cout << “Hello world!”; return 0; } Some older IDEs will also auto-populate new C++ projects with a similar program (so you can compile something immediately, rather than starting from …
