By far the most commonly used functionality of the STL library are the STL container classes. If you need a quick refresher on container classes, check out lesson . The STL contains many different container classes that can be used in different situations. Generally speaking, the container classes fall into …
Congratulations! You made it all the way through the primary portion of the tutorial! In the preceding lessons, we covered many of the principal C++ language features (including a few from the C++11/14/17 extension to the language). So the obvious question is, “what next?”. One thing you’ve probably noticed is …
Inserting Inserting characters into an existing string can be done via the insert() function. Here’s a crazy version of insert() that allows you to insert a substring into a string at an arbitrary index: There is a flavor of insert() that inserts the first portion of a C-style string: There’s …
Appending Appending strings to the end of an existing string is easy using either operator+=, append(), or push_back() function. There’s also a flavor of append() that can append a substring: Operator+= and append() also have versions that work on C-style strings: There is an additional flavor of append() that works …
String assignment The easiest way to assign a value to a string is to use the overloaded operator= function. There is also an assign() member function that duplicates some of this functionality. The assign() member function also comes in a few other flavors: Swapping If you have two strings and …
Character access There are two almost identical ways to access characters in a string. The easier to use and faster version is the overloaded operator[]: There is also a non-operator version. This version is slower since it uses exceptions to check if the nIndex is valid. If you are not …
Once you’ve created strings, it’s often useful to know how long they are. This is where length and capacity operations come into play. We’ll also discuss various ways to convert std::string back into C-style strings, so you can use them with functions that expect strings of type char*. Length of …
In this lesson, we’ll take a look at how to construct objects of std::string, as well as how to create strings from numbers and vice-versa. String construction The string classes have a number of constructors that can be used to create strings. We’ll take a look at each of them …
The standard library contains many useful classes — but perhaps the most useful is std::string. std::string (and std::wstring) is a string class that provides many operations to assign, compare, and modify strings. In this chapter, we’ll look into these string classes in depth. Note: C-style strings will be referred to …
Now that you’ve learned some basics about programs, let’s look more closely at how to design a program. When you sit down to write a program, generally you have some kind of idea, which you’d like to write a program for. New programmers often have trouble figuring out how to …
