As programs grow larger (and make use of more files), it becomes increasingly tedious to have to forward declare every function you want to use that is defined in a different file. Wouldn’t it be nice if you could put all your forward declarations in one place and then import …
As programs get larger, it is common to split them into multiple files for organizational or reusability purposes. One advantage of working with an IDE is that they make working with multiple files much easier. You already know how to create and compile single-file projects. Adding new files to existing …
Take a look at this seemingly innocent sample program: #include <iostream> int main() { std::cout << “The sum of 3 and 4 is: ” << add(3, 4) << ‘\n’; return 0; } int add(int x, int y) { return x + y; } You would expect this program to produce …
A few days ago, I added a “recent news” box to the front page of the site, which shows the most recent items posted in the News category. It’s the easiest way to find the most up to date news about the site or the C++ Tutorial. Today when I …
There was an article linked from Digg posted up a couple days ago entitled “6 ways to write better code”. It’s pretty good advice (for the most part), so I thought I’d link it here. http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-clear-code/index.html?ca=drs- Here are the recommendations of the author, along with my own comments: 1) Comment …
is a term that refers to characters that are used for formatting purposes. In C++, this refers primarily to spaces, tabs, and newlines. The C++ compiler generally ignores whitespace, with a few minor exceptions (when processing text literals). For this reason, we say that C++ is a whitespace-independent language. Consequently, …
One question that I’ve been struggling with over the last week is how to make the WordPress header image hyperlink back to the site itself. Many WordPress themes use the CSS background-image properly to display the header image. Unfortunately, there’s no direct way to modify the CSS style sheet to …
Note: This blog article has been superseded by the article at http://www.learncpp.com/?p=30. I added a “recent news” box to the front page of the site, which shows the most recent items posted in the News category. It’s the easiest way to find the most up to date news about the …
In the last chapter, we defined a function as a collection of statements that execute sequentially. While that is certainly true, that definition doesn’t provide much insight into why functions are useful. Let’s update our definition: A is a reusable sequence of statements designed to do a particular job. You …
In lesson , you learned that the majority of instructions in a program are statements, and that statements are grouped into functions. These statements perform actions that (hopefully) generate whatever result the program was designed to produce. But how do programs actually produce results? They do so by manipulating (reading, …
